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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Narcissistic defences ： ウィキペディア英語版 Narcissistic defences Narcissistic defences are those processes whereby the idealised aspects of the self are preserved, and its limitations denied.〔Shaw J.A. (1999). ''Sexual Aggression'', American Psychiatric Publishing, pp. 28-9.〕 They tend to be rigid and totalistic.〔Gerald Alper, ''Self Defence in a Narcissistic World'' (2003) p. 10〕 They are often driven by feelings of shame and guilt, conscious or unconscious.〔Patrick Casement, ''Further Learning from the Patient'' (1990) p. 132〕 ==Origins== Narcissistic defenses are among the earliest defense mechanisms to emerge, and include denial, distortion, and projection.〔Barry P.D., Farmer S. (2002). ''Mental Health and Mental Illness'', p. 175.〕 Splitting is another defense mechanism prevalent among narcissists - seeing people and situations in black and white terms, either as all bad or all good.〔Lubit R. (2002). "The long-term organizational impact of destructively narcissistic managers", ''Academy of Management Executive'', 16(1), 127-138.〕 A narcissistic defense, with the narcissist's typical over-valuation of the self, can come to the fore at any stage of development.〔Wilber K., Engler J., Brown D. (1986). ''Transformations of Consciousness: Conventional and Contemplative Perspective of Development'', Boston: New Science Library, New York City, NY, p. 150〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Narcissistic defences」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.